Comparator



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N. S. RYDER COMPARATOR Oct. 9, 1951 Filed Jan. 5, 194e 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 9, 1 951y UNITED STATES PATENT v'()FFICE ooMPAmrroRf Y Norris S. Ryder, ,|CI1icag0,I Ill.

Application January 5, 1946, Serial N 0.639,261.4 Y2 claims. (CIV. 1o-95).

My invention relates to comparators, in which a chart is mounted on rollers adapted to be wound on one roller, or unwound therefrom, the chart being supported or mounted on a pair of rollers oppositely disposed in parallel relationship, the ends of the chart being secured to the said rollers, and means being provided for automatically-engaging one roller, while simultaneously providing a frictional drag on the other roller so as to permit winding without causing slack and permitting the maintenance of the said chart always in a taut condition, during the winding operation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a mechanism of the aforementioned character, which is instantaneously reversible causing the unwinding roller to be rewound, while simultaneously offering a drag check on the roller which had been wound and is subsequently being unwound, so as to permit the chart to be wound on one roller and unwound on the opposite roller and vice Versa.

Another object of my invention is to provide a chart holding or retaining case with the roller mechanism heretofore mentioned, the said case being angularly adjustable so as to bring the viewing aperture thereof in anyof `various angular positions most convenient for an observer.

A further object of my invention is to provide in a chart holding means of the aforementioned character, a relator template, or secondary comparing chart, provided with apertures for valignment with the respective indicia or data on the major chart, producing or furnishing a relationship between indicia on the said secondary, or relator chart, comparatively associated with the indicia on the. said major, or primary chart.

A still further object of my. invention4 is. to provide optical magnification means forenlarging the indicia of the said chart and relator chart, in properV focus to be readily viewed therethru.

A still further object of my invention. is'to provide a comparator device of the aforementioned character which is provided with a stage having a light transmitting aperture therein, and lighting means associated therewith in orderV to cause light waves to be transmitted through the said major chart, as well as through the apertures in the said relator chart.

A stillfurther object of my invention is to provide a comparator instrumentality of the aforementioned character, which is simple in construction, readily adjustable angularly with respect to the base thereof, being also `provided with means-for-indexing the various indicia. on thefehart thereon, bothy the major` or .primary chart, and' the relator or secondary chart, to permitof-various permutations and combinations of information containedon the, said-charts being related in close proximityenabling anv observer tc selectively obtain the related-datay therefrom. The said device. being of. a simple elemental structure, practical, and of such arrangement and assembly as to warrant economical production thereof in quantity manufacture.

Other features, objects, and ancillary advantages inherent. in myinvention will become. apparent from an examination of the accompanying drawings, conveying further elucidation throughout the ensuing description, wherein. like symbols arev used to designate like parts, and in which:

Fig. 1- is a top elevational view of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a frontview of my invention with certain portions thereof broken away, sectionally, so as to moreclearly elucidate the general ar rangement on thefline 2 2 of Figure v4:.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, transversal, crosssectional, View taken, substantially, on the line `3 3 of -Figure 2.

Fig. 4 is a transversal sectional View taken substantial-1y, on the line 4 4 of Figure 2.

Figh is Ya staggered sectional view showing thefragmentary 'portion'A embracing the alternate frictional drive'and frictional drag mechanism of my invention, incorporated as an important feature of'my invention, the view being taken, substantially', on the line 5 5 of Figure 4.

Fig. 6 is an end sectional View, similar to Figure-4, showing a slightly modified construction of my invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary detailed view of the manipulating mechanism for operating th relatorl or secondary chart.

Fig-ais an end view of Figure '7, and;

Fig. Sis a fragmentary view looking substan tially in the direction` 9 9 of Figure 6.

`Referringto Figures l to 5, one form of my invention illustrates a device on which a chart may be mounted, by virtue. of oppositely disposed parallel roller supports, and manipulating means for winding alternately the said chart on either of the said parallel rollers while simultaneously unwinding the chart from the opposite roller.

My invention is, generally, designated I Il, and consists of a base Il on which are mounted the brackets i3, having suitable web portions connecting the extremity bearing portions I2 thereof, which are suitably bushed with bushings I4, in which on one hand is attached the manipulator or knob I1 pinned by fastening I6 to a shaft I5, connected through the end supports 3U by suitable lock washers 20 and lock nuts I9, thus confining the same in position for rotation of the said shaft I within the bushing I4.

The body 23 is made of suitable sheet metal material and is mounted over the end drums 24, over which the sheet metal body 23 is enveloped and secured to the top by suitable rivets 40, or other similar fastening means, the said fastening means simultaneously securing an inner cage 25 by virtue of its end plate reinforcements 30 and 3| associated with the cage 25. To the inner portion of the cage 25, I secure the supporting brackets 28 having their bases 26 secured by screws or rivets 21, the said brackets being of a formation as shown in Figure 3 and being arcuately cut-out as indicated at 44, and reinforced with ribbing 44. The cut-out portions 44 are clearances for the chart supporting shafts or mandrels 34, which are made of suitable lengths of tubing secured to the stub shafts 33 and 39' and provided with spool-like flanges 31 and 38 so as to coniine rotatably therebetween the edges of the chart which is to be wound thereon. The mandrels 34 are provided with suitable collars 35 secured through pins 3B, securing the mandrels 34 to the collars 35, and to the stub-shafts 33 and 39, the stub-shaft 39 being extended to work through the bushing 4B, rotatably, on which the indexing frictional feed and drag mechanism is mounted, and more clearly elucidated in Figures 4 and 5.

`In Figure 2, at the extreme right, I provide a knob E1, which is threadably engaged to a stub shaft 68, operating in the bushing I4 `of Athe bracket I 2, and being extended inwardly so as to be integrally secured to the pinion 63 in meshing engagement with another ypinion gear 63 Vand which is secured to the end reinforcement 'plate 3l, having a guide bushing 32 therein, so that rotation of the knob 5'! will cause the meshing relationship of gears E9, and 59 to cause the body 23 to be angularly adjusted, and to be rotated with respect to the base, causing the viewing lens element 4I thereof, to be set in a position toward. or away, from an observer who would be positioned to the left orl the right of Figure 4. The brackets I3 are secured to the base I I by virtue of cap screws 2 I, the base being suitably counter-bored, as at 22,'in order to offer a smooth bottom portion to the base, that it may be positioned on any at, or level, surface for support.

The frictional drag mechanism is best illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, where it can be seen, Vthat I provide the shaft I5, to which I secure the gear 53, which is in meshing relationship with a gear of like diameter designated 53, and mounted on a stub-shaft 51, having reduced ends peened rover at 58, and 59, to links 55, so as to confine the gears 53 and 53 in a pivotal assemblage. The

Vgears 53 and 33 are each provided with extended shoulder portions, or hub portions 60, and are of the angular and tapered formation, indicated at 53 and 54 for purposes to be more clearly elucidated.

The shafts 39 have rotatably secured thereto the hubs 50 to which are anchored the friction plates 49 at 56 on the enlarged boss 48 of the hubs 50, the said plates having angular iiared ,out formations as indicated at 52 in order to be vconiigurative with the cross-sections 53 and 54 4 of the gears 53 and 63. The mating flange 6I is of the same formation as the one designated 49, with the exception that it is bored and mounted, slidably, on the hub 50, and urged in contacting relationship with the flange 40, so that its similarly iiared out portions 5I will tend to, frictionally, engage the gears 53 and 63, the spring 41 providing the frictional action. The said spring 41 is confined in place by a cup-shaped washer element 46, which is pinned to the shaft 39, by virtue of pin, or key 45. Thus it can be seen that the flanges 6I are urged in frictional contacting relationship to confine the toothed sections of the gears 53 and 63; the flange 62 being likewise retained in frictional engagement with said gears.

The operation of this unit is rather simple. When the knob I1, which is connected to the shaft I5, is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the very rst thing that will occur, will be that the linkage-will tend to veer over to the left, thus causing the gear 53 to motivate the frictionally engaged vunit 5I, causing the same to Wind the chart 65 which istrained `over the idler rollers 29 so asy to present the portion 53 thereof to be viewed vthrough the lens 4I. The said chart is trained over the rollers 29, and connected through the connecting portions 55 and 54 to the mandrels 34. While the linkage has been Veered over to thev left, the lower gear 63 also furnishes a frictional drag of the unwinding unit 62, so as not to cause an over-Winding and wrinkling of the 'chart that is confined on the mandrels 34; likewise, when the rotation of the knob I1 is reversed the linkage will'veer to the right causing the winding spool 52 to be frictionally engaged by the gear 53 causing the same to be wound, while simultaneously the gear 53 oifering a frictional gear drag to the winding spool 6I completely reversing the operation. VThus it may be seen that the chart-can be readily wound and un- Wound by rotating the knob I1 in either direction. The lens iS., preferably, secured by means of the top plate |06, which tends'to bind together the enveloped body 23, and the inner cage 25 holding everything securely by virtue of fasteningsV 4I), which is also provided with means to retain the convex lens 4I in proper focus for magnication purposes, the same being retained by suitable gibs 42, which are of angular formation and are removably held in place by screws V43 so as to permit removing the lens When that should be necessary. Thus assuming that we have a chart mounted on the mandrels 34, and it is desired to bring a portion 66 thereof in visual alignment through the lens 4I, that operation can be eifectuated by the means heretofore related ige. by operating the control knob I1 either in clock-wise or counterclock-wise direction, depending on which part of the chart the 'information is contained, and -bringing the same `to view as at BE, on thefviewing stage where it may be viewed and notations or observations taken or recorded.V i l In some instances it may be desirable, or preferable, to vhave a chart indexing lmeans, supplemented with an auxiliary relator chart, or template chart, or secondary chart, Working in concert therewith, in which event, I have slightly modied my invention as embraced in Figures 6, 1, 8 and 9, and in which I show, a body structure which is of slightly different shape, made of sheet metal material designated 10, and an inner cage structure 1 I, having top guiding lip portions 18, being held firmly in place by rivets securing alsothe flanges 14 lof the lens support 15, in which seated portions 'lare provided to retain the convex lens 11 at the proper focal distance from the viewing stage where the portion B6 of the major chart is to be viewed in connection with the relator chart 8|. The relator chart 8| is trained over idlers 80 and secured to hollow tubular mandrels 98, having slotted portions 99 therein, and having suitable shoulder portions so as to urge them against the contact plates |05 in frictional engagement by virtue of the resilient washers 94, each having a series of finger portions 95 spaced by cut outs 95, and arcuately shaped or dished out as indicated at 93` in order to permit smooth operation of the stub-shaft |00 connected to the manipulating knob 10|, so that the same, when rotated in either clock-wise or counterclock-wise directions, will wind, and unwind from the oppositely disposed rollers 98 respectively. Thus the washers 94 offer frictional resistance to the shoulders 91 of the mandrels 98 s preventing the same from acquiring momentum during rotation.

The relator chart 8| is trained over the rollers 80 and the portions 19 at the ends thereof are connected to the tubular retainers 98. It may be desirable, as indicated in this particular instance, to have the inner case 1| arcuately bent as at 83, and angularly bent upwardly, to form a supporting ledge 82 on which the support 85 is secured by means of rivets or other securing means 89 so as to provide a supporting platform for the bracket supporting the idlers 29, and also for supporting the insulated structure plate 86, for supporting a series of electric sockets 90, substantially secured in place by means of the locknuts 89, and being held rmly by a plate 81, having bent portions 88 suitably secured to the angularly bent lportions of the cage 1|. It is= the province of the sockets 90 to support removably a series of lamp bulbs 9|, connected to a duplex wire connection 92, which may be plugged into any electric light source of energy.

It is to be stressed, that the major chart wound on the mandrels 35| is made of a transparent material, such as Celluloid, and has certain information imprinted thereon. The relator chart 19 however, is made of an opaque material and has in one continuous line a series cf elliptical openings |02, so as to register with certain indicia, or information, on the chart 66, the relator chart also having a series of relator figures |04 which are to be related with respect to the figures selectively sought out on the major chart, the said figures being designated |03. Thus the major chart being transparent, may be indexed so that one row, or line of figures, or other information thereon, will be clearly visible through the aperture confined between the figures 18, permitting the light emitted by the bulb 9| to be transmitted through openings 13 in the supporting stage 12, so that the light will aid, visually, and optically through the lens 11, the observer to obtain a clear view of the informational data contained on the major chart, through the displayed portion 66 thereof.

The secondary chart or relator chart may be provided with as many alternate series of elliptical openings |02 as desired, each of sufficient magnitude to embrace the numerical data |03 imprinted on the major chart, orother data printed on the major chart, and directly below the said openings |02, a series of related gures or informational data.

My device may be used for computations, and the relation of computed values, or the relativity figures which have been established or computed.

Altho, I have herein described rather succinctly the construction of my invention, and inasmuch as the same is susceptible of modifications and improvements, I hereby reserve the right to all modiiications and improvements coming within the scope and spirit of my invention, as well as any modifications embraced in the accompanying drawings, and also all those modifications falling within the purview of the yforegoing disclosure.

Having thus described and revealed my invention, what I claim as novel, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A device of the class and for the purposes described comprising a support, a body secured thereto and providing a viewing aperture along the top portion thereof, chart winding and unwinding mandrels rotatably secured to the body, a supportingr plate carried by the body below the aperture, a chart mounted on said mandrels and trained over said supporting plate, other -chart winding and unwinding mandrels rotatably supported in said body, a second chart mounted on said other mandrels and trained over said first chart over said supporting plate, said second chart having a plurality of elliptical openings formed therein adapted to register with indicia on said first chart, said supporting plate having an elliptical opening therein adapted for registration with the elliptical openings formed in said first chart, and illuminating means within said body beneath said supporting plate.

2. A device of the class and for the purposes described comprising a body providing in a wall thereof a viewing aperture, chart winding and unwinding mandrels rotatably supported in said body, a supporting plate mounted below said aperture, a transparent chart mounted on said mandrels and trained over said supporting plate, other chart winding and unwinding mandrels rotatably supported in said body, an opaque chart mounted on said other mandrels and trained over said transparent chart over said supporting plate, said opaque chart having a plurality of elliptical openings formed therein adapted to register with indicia on said transparent chart, said supporting plate having an opening formed therein adapted for registration with the openings of said opaque chart, and illuminating means within said body beneath said supporting plate.

NORRIS S. RYDER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 896,710 Burhans Aug. 25, 1908 997,483 Webner July 11, 1911 1,408,352 Gabbert Feb. 28, 1922 1,586,372 Mann May 25, 1926 1,615,184 Turner Jan. 18, 1927 1,988,162 Chapman Jan. 15, 1935 2,091,756 Fodor Aug. 31, 1937 2,192,257 Champion Mar. 5, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 52,437 Austria Feb. 26, 1912 

